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Corticosteroid therapy is associated with several complications, and delayed wound healing is particularly notable among them. This occurs because corticosteroids can inhibit the inflammatory response that is essential for the healing process. Inflammation plays a critical role in wound healing, as it helps to bring necessary immune cells to the site of injury, aiding in tissue repair. Corticosteroids suppress the immune system and reduce the normal inflammatory response, which can lead to slower wound healing.

The other options do not directly relate to the common complications typically observed with corticosteroid use. For instance, while high cholesterol can be influenced by various factors including medication, it is not a primary complication of corticosteroids. Gastrointestinal bleeding is also a potential risk, but it is less commonly highlighted compared to wound healing delays. Increased energy levels actually contradict the effects of corticosteroids, which can lead to fatigue or altered energy metabolism rather than a boost in energy. Thus, delayed wound healing stands out as a main effect of corticosteroid therapy.