Australian Dental Council (ADC) Practice Test

In the context of patients undergoing oral surgery, recognizing signs and symptoms that may suggest cardiac failure is crucial for managing their overall health and safety. Ankle edema and dyspnea are key indicators commonly associated with heart failure.

Ankle edema can occur due to fluid retention, which is often a result of poor cardiac output leading to congestion in the venous system. When the heart is unable to pump effectively, blood can back up in the limbs, causing swelling. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, frequently arises from fluid accumulation in the lungs (pulmonary congestion), making it hard for the patient to breathe comfortably, especially when they are lying down or exerting themselves.

These signs can directly influence the perioperative management of the patient, as the presence of cardiac failure requires careful monitoring and may necessitate modifications in the surgical approach or anesthesia plan to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes during and after the procedure. Understanding these symptoms allows dental professionals to act swiftly to address potential complications, ensuring that they provide the highest standard of care.