Australian Dental Council (ADC) Practice Test

The correct answer indicates that the use of Pethidine in conjunction with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can lead to severe hypertension. This understanding stems from the pharmacological interactions that occur between these substances.

Pethidine, also known as meperidine, is an opioid analgesic that, when used independently, is effective in managing pain. However, its interaction with MAOIs can lead to the release of norepinephrine, which is a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of blood pressure. When Pethidine is administered to someone who is on MAOIs, there may be an exaggerated sympathomimetic response, resulting in hypertensive crises. This is particularly dangerous because it can lead to severe cardiovascular complications.

The other options do not represent what occurs when Pethidine is combined with MAOIs. For example, using Pethidine safely with MAOIs or claiming it increases pain relief does not account for the potential risks involved. Similarly, the option that suggests it decreases anxiety is misleading, as the combination can produce adverse effects rather than alleviating anxiety. Understanding these interactions is crucial for patient safety in clinical practices.